There are two types of pad effects. One page full of effects called “Drum Fx” that are always there, I think you can select 8 out of a pool of maybe 16 or so. Things like bitcrushing, ring modulation, certain EQing, distortion etc.
Then there are 4 additional insert fxs per pad which you can use on top of that. All of the above is automatable.
The automation resets to whichever position you want it to reset to. When you twist a knob in write mode, it will automatically add an event at the beginning of that sequence with whatever position that knob was in before you started to twist it. So if you set it to 0 before you hit the automation write button, it would set it to 0 on that pattern.
If you jump to another sequence, it will reset to whichever state is set at the beginning of that sequence. If no automation data exists for that setting, it will stay where it was when the knob was last twisted in the previous sequence. If you don’t like that, just wiggle the knob at the beginning of the new sequence and it will write an initial parameter value at step 0 for you to modify as you wish. (A little hint/gotcha: you can’t remove that initial parameter value from a sequence unless you erase all other automation events of that parameter from the list first. If you want to erase all automation of a particular parameter from a sequence, it’s easier to do that from the Erase Events window, where you can select the specific parameter automation you want to erase.)
It’s super flexible really, and so immediate and hands on. This is how I write most of my full songs - I just make copies of a sequence, name them intro, verse 1 etc and then twist knobs live while playing the song. If I’m unhappy with one section, it’s easy enough to erase the automation “lane” for that particular sequence (the automation on all other parts of the song remain intact or course). This isn’t very different from automation lanes in a DAW, really. The key difference, for me at least, is that I rely on my ears rather than the visual shape of curves.
If you’re 99% happy with an automation but just need to tweak that one tiny glitch of it, you can even go advanced and enter List Edit, where you can filter the view to only show a particular automation and then manually edit the individual automation events/points.
I use this form of automation for two purposes: both for the gradually evolving parts of a song (eg opening up a filter over the course of 16 bars) as well as for specific glitchy parts of drum beats. You can automate just about anything, including panning, pitch, sends, effects, etc etc so with the right type of programming (or just in-the-moment jamming with the knobs), you can approximate the p-locks of Elektron sequencers. Of course, you also have access to 16x8 pads per program so if automating becomes too messy, you can always just make a copy of a pad (just hit Copy, pad x and then pad y) and completely mess up the copy. Then just transpose certain notes to the new pad or jam them out in Dub Record. It’s so quick and easy.