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1849 Phone development (Antonio Meucci)
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1854 Phone development (Charles Bourseul)
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1857 Phonoautograph by Edouard-Leon Scott de Martinville
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1876 Alexander Graham Bell Patented Phone (Microphone / Speaker invented here)
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1877 Phonograph by Thomas Edison
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1887 Gramophon (Emile Berliner Patent but invention is 1886-89)
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1894 Gibson start with Mandolines
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1897 Telharmonium (Considered as the first Additive Device)
British Marconi company (will play a role with Radio)
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1900 Earliest experimental AM Radio transmission is around 1900s
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1903 Telefunken company (will play a role with Radio)
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1904 Vacuum Tube (Thermionic valve) by John Ambrose Fleming
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1906 Triode Vacuum Tube by Lee De Forest & Early Radio Broadcasting
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1908 Mass production factory of Gramophon
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1912 First Amplifiers (vacuum tube were used in almost all amplifiers until 60s where transistors replaced them) Lee De Forest?
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1914 First commercial AM Audio vacuum tube Radio Transmitter (Lee De Forest)
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1920s Electro Acoustic transducer (Loudspeaker)
Radio Broadcasting started around here (thanks to the Mature Valve Technology)
AM Radio is established
(Period where people work on earliest pickup, electric piano and electric guitar)
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1922 Theremin is invented by Lev Sergeyevich Termen (better known as Leon Theremin)
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1925 Marconi-Reisz Carbon Granular microphone
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1926 FET (Field effect Transistor) by Julius Edgar Lilienfeld
First Radio with electrodynamic loudspeakers (separate)
Condenser microphone
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1928 Ondes Martenot
Theremin patented to RCA company
Stromberg-Voisinet Amplifier
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1929 RCA Thereminvox release
Trautonium by Dr Freidrich Trautwein (Germany)
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1930 Tone control added to Radio Devices
Analog Television Broadcasting
Neo Benchtein « First electric piano »
electric piano is very linked to guitars because it was mechanical and it was strings striked (Struck Strings, Tuning Forks, Plucked Reeds, Struck Reeds) also a lot of guitar manufacturer are also guitar and mandolin manufacturer (Gibson, Vivitone, Fender…)
Tape Recording (germany)
First Magnetic pickup
HB1A Microphone (use in EMI Recording studio & BBC television)
First Ribbon microphone invented here
PA and Cinema Theater helped a lot with Amplifiers/Loudspeakers
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1930 Echo Chamber Reverb
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1931 Abbey Road Studio
first electric stringed instrument “Frying Pan” by George Beauchamp, the general manager along with Adolph Rickenbacker (electromagnetic pickups) (need Guitar Amplifier)
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1933 FM Radio Patented by Edwin H. Armstrong
Bass Guitar model 736 by Paul Tutmarc
Vivitone Guitar Amplifier
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1934 Acousti-Lectric company Lloyd Loar & Lewis Williams
Rickenbacker Amplifier
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1935 BBC/Marconi Type A Microphone Condenser
Magnetophon (AEG) Tape Recorder
Gibson guitar EH-150 (Gibson)
Electric Bass guitar (need a Bass Amplifier)
Hammond Organ (without Leslie first)
Miniaturisation and Cost effective for Church, to replace Pipe Organ or Piano.
Quickly become popular in Jazz just like Electric Piano
It was the first device where user can shape the timbre of the organ sound !
And it was the first time user can save and recall presets
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1936 Acousti-Lectric company was renamed : Vivi-Tone (Loar died in 1943)
Electric spanish Guitar Gibson ES-150
Telefunken U3 Variable Compressor
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1937 ANS Synth (photoelectronic musical instrument) by Yevgeny Murzin. Russia, 1958
Audiovox model 236 the Bass Guitar Amplifier
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1938 Zenith model 12-S vacuum tube console radio
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1939 Hammond Novachord
Hewlett Packard Company in Palo Alto, California founded
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1940s Pierre Shaeffer Experiments with Music Concrete (Tape, cut, collage)
Also : John Cage, Stockhausen, Iannis Xenakis…
Hammond Solovox & Univox
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1941 Z3 Computer (not personal computer)
Leslie Rotary Speakers (Leslie speaker to pair the Hammond Organ)
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1945 Magnetic Tape recording
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1946 micro P-90 Gibson (design still used)
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1947 Melochord by Harold Bode (very complex not ready for mass production)
Point Contact Transistor by Bardeen, Brattain and Shockley
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1948 Vinyl 33 1/3 Rpm 12 inch & 10 inch by Colombia records
First Computer Program to Run on a Computer
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1949 Fender Esquire (First Solid body Electric Guitar)
Chamberlin (Melotron ancestor) First time you get few instruments to choose !
CSIRAC Computer (not personal computer)
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1950 First commercially produced computer (ERA 1101) - Fender Telecaster (Firstly named « The Esquire »> renamed « Broadcaster » > renamed « Telecaster »)
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1951 RCA Mark I Synth
Earth Stood Still Movie use the Theremin
CSIRAC computer play « the colonel bogey march » song
GRM electro-acoustic studio (Pierre Schaeffer) after 10 years experiment at RTF
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1952 Gibson Les Paul
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1953 Grimsdale & Webb early transistorized computer
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1954 Wurlitzer electric piano
Fender Stratocaster
Regency TR-1 Portable Radio
(Revolution of listening habbits made possible with transistor from 1948 (BELL Labs)
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1956 Siemens Synthesizer (Modular)
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1957 Vinyl become Stereophonic
RCA Mark II Synth
EMT 140 Reverb
Teletronix LA-1 optical compressor
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1956 Bebe & Louis Barron - Forbidden Planet (First totally electronic BO movie)
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1959 MosFET Transistors by Mohamed Atalla and Dawon Kahng
Transistors revolutionized : Radios, Calculators, computers & more
Fender Piano Bass
Wurlitzer Sideman Drum Machine
Fairchild 600/670 compressors
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1960s Fender Jazz Bass
Spring Reverb by Hammond
First Mass Vinyl Player between 1960-1970
Jamaican Dub Reggae to use recordings for riddim and dj over
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1961 Universal Audio 175b/176 Limiting Amplifiers
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1963 Melotron (each keys control a magnetic band, similar to the sampler except you can’t record your own material nor modify it)
Don Buchla (Modular)- Subtractive West-Coast (NYC)
He was also on FM synthesis early and followed by Moog and ARP
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1964 Robert Arthur « Bob » Moog - Subtractive East-Coast (SF) Moog Modular
is credited for pioneering concepts such as voltage-controlled oscillators, envelopes, noise generators, filters, and sequencers.
Hohner Clavinet
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1965 Teletronix LA-2A
Fender Rhodes electric piano full size by CBS Fender (Colombia Broadcasting System)
ACE Tone Rhythm ACE FR1 (incorporated in some Hammond organs)
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1967 UREI 1176 FET Compressor
John Chowning invent FM Synthesis
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1968 Wendy Carlos Switched-On Bach (on Moog Modular)
2001, a space odyssee Movie by Stanley Kubrick
First Personal Computer by Hewlett Packard (9100A)
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1969 EMS Synth VCS3 (cheaper than minimoog)
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1970 Mass production of the Fender Rhodes started
Moog Minimoog, smaller, cheaper (for a Moog) Minimoog standardized synthesizers as self-contained instruments with built-in keyboards (still the first synth in terms of form factor as we know synth today really visionary) - first electronic drum by Graeme Edge
ARP 2500 (was closer to Buchla Easel a Modular + keyboard less portable than Easel still)
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1971 Granular Theory (the concept) suggested by Iannis Xenakis
ARP 2600 (Ben Burtt perform with his voice R2D2 voice through it)
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1972 The legendary Technics SL1200 Turntable - ARP Odyssey - Buchla Music Easel was introduced in 1972 (still feel modular in a small case but portable) - EMS Synthi AKS (cheapest at that time)
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1973 FM Synthesis from John Chowning is Patented by Yamaha
Roland Tape Echo RE-100/RE-200
E-MU Modular Synth
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1974 Roland Space Echo RE20
Yamaha SY-1
MITS « Altair » (Personal Computer)
Curtis Roads was the first to implement Granular Synthesis on a Computer
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1975 SONY first PCM encoder - Roland System 100 Modular - Steiner Parker EVI (Earlier EWI)
PPG System 100
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1976 Yamaha CS80
EMT 250 first Digital reverb
DRAM and Early Apple-1 (by Steve Wozniak, marketed by his friend Steve Jobs)
MFB founded – starting with various products, including video games
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1977 Apple II (Personal Computer), Commodore (cassette), Atari console, Star Wars Movie
Synclavier II most popular Additive Synth / Sampler / Resynthesis
it’s also include FM Synthesis patented from Yamaha to be inside.
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1978 Sequential Circuits released the Prophet-5, which used microprocessors to allow users to store sounds for the first time. KORG MS Series - Simmons company was created to produce commercial electronic drums sets.
Roland CR-78 drum machine
Speak and Spell device
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1979 Fairlight CMI
First Polyphonic Synth : (earlier synth was monophonic)
Oberheim OB-X - PPG Wave Computer 360 (Wolfgang Palm Wavetable Synthesis)
First fully digital produced/recorded album : Ry Cooder « Bop til you drop »
MFB-501 drum machine, a breakthrough seller in Germany
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1980 Roland TR-808 (80-83 and replaced by TR-909 because of « bad components »)
LINN LM-1 Drum Computer
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1981 GS1 Yamaha - First FM Synth
Oberheim OB-Xa
SONY PCM-F1 PCM Encoder for the public
E-mu Emulator Sampler (cheaper than synclavier & fairlight)
PPG Wave - popular wavetable hardware synth
KORG Mono-Poly - Polysix - Roland Jupiter 8
IBM Personal Computer, Minitel goes public
Ikutaro Kakehashi (Roland) proposed developing MIDI to Tom Oberheim
Roland Jupiter 8
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1982 Blade Runner (Music by Vangelis) & TRON (Music by Wendy Carlos) - MIDI Protocol - Roland SH-101, TB-303, JUNO 6
LINN Lindrum
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1983 Roland TR-909, TR-707, Jupiter 6 - MC-202 - OSC Oscar Synth
Yamaha DX7 - a very popular FM Synth - MIDI became a standard
Karplus-strong String physical modeling concept for Plucked Strings
by Kevin Karplus and Alexander Strong
Apple launch LISA his first commercial personal computer, CD-ROM
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1984 Apple Macintosh - IBM Personal Computer - CD-ROM introduced - CD for Music
Roland Juno-106,
Casio CZ-101 Phase Distortion Synthesis (as Yamaha patented FM, other manufacturers develop variations of the concept, but they are very similar : FM, Phase Distortion (Casio), Variable Phase Modulation (Korg) …
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1985 Akai S Series of Sampler (probably the first affordable to public) - Roland Alpha Juno
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1986 Sequential Circuits : Vector Synthesis with the Prophet VS - EMU SP12
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1987 Roland D-50 with samples, first mass-produced synth with built-in digital effects
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1988 Akai MPC60 - Akai S1000
KORG M1 (featuring sampled transients and loops) - SoundBlaster by Creative Arts
Waldorf by Wolfgang Düren (earlier German distributor of PPG)
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1989 Waldorf Microwave 1 (first affordable wavetable-synth)
E-MU Proteus (ROMplers)
Abyss Movie (James Cameron) - First Macintosh Laptop - Cubase on Atari ST - Digidesign ProTools
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1990 Yamaha SY22 also include Vector Synthesis
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1991 Roland JV-80 & Rack
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1992 Akai S300
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1993 Waldorf WAVE - Novation Bass Station
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1994 Yamaha VL1 First Physical modeling Synth
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1995 Clavia Nord Lead - Korg Prophecy - Doepfer Eurorack format (A100 modular)
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1996 Roland MC-303 Groovebox - Rebirth RB-338
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1997 Access Virus - Yamaha AN1x - Roland JP-8000
Akai MPC2000 - FruityLoops
Elektron college project SID in 1997 (Hansson, Garder, Raim)
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1998 Sonic Foundry Acid (Loops arranger) - Roland MC505 - Elektron Sid Station
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1999 Matrix Movie - update to Cubase for VST Support
KORG Triton & Electribe Series - Waldorf Q series - Haken Continuum keyboard (innovation in keyboards expressivity)
Sony Convolution Reverb (DRE S777)
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2000 Propellerhead Reason - KORG MS2000 Series
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2001 Yamaha RS7000 - Elektron SPS MachineDrum
Steven Spielberg & Kubrick AI Movie - Ableton Live
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2002 Roland MC909
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2003 MySpace - Elektron Monomachine
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2004 Radikal Technologies Spectralis
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2005 Arduino
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2006 Roland MC808
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2007 Waldorf Blofeld - Akai EWI4000s (USB Electronic Woodwind)
SoundCloud was established in Berlin by Swedish sound designer Alexander Ljung and electronic musician Eric Wahlforss - Bandcamp also the same year
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2009 Camel Audio Alchemy give Spectral « Synthesis » manipulation
Native Instruments Maschine - Roland HPD-10 Handsonic (Adv Electronic Percussion)
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2010 Sculpture in Logic Pro - Early Physical Modeling software synth
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2011 Elektron Octatrack
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2012 Elektron Analog Four
iZotope IRIS made the synth based on Spectral Synthesis
Steinberg gives Padshop (it does Granular and Spectral in version 2)
AAS Chromaphone - popular physical modeling synth
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2013 KORG Volca Series
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2014 Analog Rytm
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2015 Novation Circuit - ROLI Seaboard Grand Stage
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2016 audiomodeling SWAM engine - incredible physical modeling orchestras instruments - Toraiz SP16
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2017 Elektron Digitakt - Novation Peak
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2018 Elektron Digitone - Waldorf Quantum
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2019 Expressive-E Osmose - Waldorf Kyra
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2020 Waldorf Iridium - UDO Super 6
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2021 Waldorf M - Tasty Chips GR-1 (Granular Synthesizer)
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2022 Elektron Syntakt
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2024 Elektron Digitakt 2