I am not a performing musician, but I have two minor and related points to make. The first is that, when I had to do recitals and festivals while studying an instrument, it went much better once I had the music memorized. Often the music was at hand, but only as a backup, not intended for normal use. The other is that when learning material or preparing a talk, I often make notes that I don’t look at again, but they still have an effect. There is something about activating alternate neural pathways going on that seems to help.

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