I don’t believe anyone can learn from my workflow but I have learned a lot from your comments and your posts. 
What did I do?
I have tried to stick with Ableton Live and stock plugins as much as possible. For the bongos I used the warp markers and tried to get a matching rhythm to the beat. This could be improved next time. 
I used the vocal sample from the CD and put it on the Sampler Device, pitched it a little bit.
The pads, the bass sound and also the arp sound were created with Wavetable.
For the arrangement, I used my Launchpad X to start and mute my clips that I played in before as kind of a live performance. Afterwards I did some automation (volume or filter cutoff) or deleted some parts. Mixing was done with EQ8 (Yes, I forgot to filter the low end of the bongos… 
).
For the “mastering” I used Ozone 11 Elements with the EDM-Preset. I think it was too loud - I even felt a bit embarrassed. Next time I will focus more on mixing and less on limiting and compressing…
All in all it was a great experience and it made me finish something. Thank you @KingDuppy for organizing the battle.