As-1 is kinda amazing but not 1 knob per function. (It’s a single voice prophet 6)
The se02 is great, the Inter face is small, the sequencer is great, can do parameter locking per step. Fix are limited do a simple delay.
The bass station 2/afx station is a fantastic mono synth with a great sequencer and the afx mode means you can get sone really interesting sounds. But no excuse and is kinda big.
Hyper synth Xenophone, is basically 1 knob per function, has a bunch of filter types, a slew of on board effects and interesting modulation options. It’s a little expensive.
Obviously the elektron a4 mk1, is basically 4 monosynths, isn’t one knob per function, checks all the boxes though and can be used to do a bunch of other things as well.
Sh01a checks all the boxes except fx, but can be a 4 voice poly as well.
Tb03 has everything you are asking for (including efx ) but it’s a 303 clone. It’s a one trick pony but it’s the best trick in the world.